Understanding RNG in Video Games

If your platform isn’t fair, your players won’t stay. Online casino players expect every spin, card, and outcome to be unpredictable, but also honest. And behind all of that is one core technology: the Random Number Generator (RNG).

RNGs are what keep your games from becoming predictable or biased. They make sure no one, not even the house, can control the results. This matters now more than ever.

The global iGaming market is expected to grow to $125.6 billion by 2027, with a stable compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.47% from 2024 to 2029. In regions like Latin America, Eastern Europe, and the Philippines, this growth is even more pronounced

Yet, trust remains a challenge. A recent survey revealed that 35% of Brazilian players perceive online casino games as unfair, while 45% are uncertain about their fairness. This brings the need for transparency and robust systems that guarantee fair play.

This is where RNG comes in. Read this blog to understand what it means in iGaming, how it works, and why it is important to win players’ trust. To understand in brief what it actually is, read below.

What Is an RNG in Online Gambling?

A Random Number Generator (RNG) is a system that creates unpredictable sequences of numbers, ensuring fairness in online gambling. In games like slots, poker, and roulette, RNGs decide the outcomes of each spin, deal, or roll, making sure each result is completely random and independent of previous ones.

This fairness is key to giving every player an equal chance of winning. Players might lose trust in the platform if a casino doesn’t use a reliable RNG. This is especially important in fast-growing markets like Latin America, where the online gambling market is expected to grow from $2.5 billion in 2024 to $12 billion by 2028.

As new operators enter this market, having a certified and trustworthy RNG system is essential. It helps casinos meet players’ expectations for fairness and transparency, which are crucial for building trust in such a competitive industry.

Also Read: Understanding Provably Fair Gambling System in iGaming

If you are a new operator and don’t know where to get started with RNG, learn how it works first.

How RNG Works in Video Games?

In online casinos, RNGs are essential for ensuring that game outcomes are fair and unpredictable. They function by generating sequences of numbers that determine the results of various games, such as slots, poker, and roulette.

Read how they work below:

Seed Generation: RNGs begin with a “seed”, a starting point for the number generation. This seed can be derived from various sources, like the current time or mouse movements.
Number Generation: Using algorithms, the RNG produces a sequence of numbers from the seed. These numbers are designed to appear random and are used to determine game outcomes.
Mapping to Game Outcomes: The generated numbers are then mapped to specific game results. For example, in a slot game, the numbers correspond to reel positions, determining which symbols appear.
Continuous Operation: RNGs operate continuously, even when games are not being played, ensuring that each game outcome is independent and not influenced by previous ones.

RNG plays a key role in video games, powering everything from loot drops to level design. Here’s how it can be coded into gameplay.

How to Code RNG in Video Games?

RNG influences elements such as loot drops, enemy behavior, procedural level generation, and more. While computers cannot produce truly random numbers, they utilize algorithms known as Pseudorandom Number Generators (PRNGs) to simulate randomness.

These PRNGs generate sequences of numbers that approximate the properties of random numbers, using deterministic processes that can be replicated if the initial seed value is known.

1. Understanding Pseudorandom Number Generators (PRNGs)

PRNGs are algorithms that produce sequences of numbers that mimic randomness. They are deterministic, meaning that the same initial seed will always produce the same sequence. This property is beneficial for debugging and ensuring consistency in gameplay experiences.

Common PRNG Algorithms:

Mersenne Twister: Known for its long period and high-quality output, it’s widely used in various programming languages.
WELL512: An improvement over Mersenne Twister, offering faster performance and better statistical properties.
Multiply-With-Carry (MWC): Efficient for generating sequences with very long periods, suitable for applications requiring high performance.

2. Seeding the PRNG

Seeding initializes the PRNG, determining the starting point of the number sequence. Common seeding methods include the following:

System Time: Using the current time ensures different sequences across sessions.
User Input: Incorporating user actions or inputs to generate unique seeds.
Fixed Seeds: Using predetermined seeds for reproducibility, useful in testing and procedural generation.

For example, in Python:

3. Implementing RNG in Game Mechanics

Integrating RNG into game systems involves assigning probabilities, triggering randomized outcomes, and maintaining a balance between unpredictability and fairness. This section looks at how RNG is practically applied during development to enhance gameplay.

1. Loot Drops and Probability

Assign probabilities to items and use RNG to determine drops:

2. Procedural Generation

Use RNG to create varied game environments:

This approach ensures that the same seed will always generate the same level layout, which is useful for sharing levels or debugging.

3. Enemy Behavior

Introduce unpredictability in enemy actions:

4. Things to Keep in Mind

While RNG adds depth and unpredictability to games, its implementation must be handled with care. Poorly balanced or predictable randomness can frustrate players or open the door to exploits.

Read key considerations for using RNG effectively below.

Avoid Predictability: Ensure that the RNG does not produce easily predictable patterns, which can be exploited by players.
Balance Randomness: Combine RNG with deterministic elements to maintain fairness and player satisfaction.
Test Extensively: Simulate numerous RNG outcomes to identify and rectify any biases or unintended behaviors.

By partnering with professional gaming software providers like Source Code Lab, you can ensure seamless integration of RNG into your platform.

With the foundation of how RNG works in game mechanics established, it’s important to understand how this randomness is applied to enhance the player experience across various types of games. Here are some common applications of RNG in video games.

Applications of RNG in Video Games

RNG is important in video games because it makes each playthrough feel different and exciting. It helps create variety, keeps players guessing, and adds challenge in the right places. In this section, we’ll look at how RNG is used in different parts of games, like loot drops, combat, world generation, character abilities, and random events.

Here’s how RNGs are applied across different gaming genres:

1. Loot Drops and Item Generation

In action RPGs like Diablo IV and Borderlands 3, RNG determines the loot players receive from defeated enemies or opened chests. This randomness keeps the gameplay engaging, as players never know when they’ll acquire that coveted legendary item.

2. Combat Mechanics and Hit Chances

Games such as XCOM 2 and Final Fantasy utilize RNG to calculate hit chances, critical hits, and the effectiveness of attacks. This element of chance adds tension and excitement to battles, making each encounter unpredictable.

3. Procedural World Generation

Titles like Minecraft and No Man’s Sky employ RNG for procedural generation, creating vast, unique worlds for players to explore. Each new game session offers a different landscape, enhancing replayability and discovery.

4. Character Abilities and Special Effects

In games like Fire Emblem Heroes, RNG determines whether a character’s skill or spell activates a special effect. This randomness introduces an element of surprise and strategy, as players must adapt to the outcomes.

5. Dynamic Events and Encounters

Survival games such as 7 Days to Die and Don’t Starve use RNG to spawn enemies, resources, and environmental events. This unpredictability challenges players to adapt their strategies and stay alert.

To fully understand how outcomes are generated and managed, let’s explore the different types of RNGs used in this space.

Types of RNGs Used in Online Gambling

Not all random number generators work the same way. In online gambling, the type of RNG used can affect how randomness is created and managed behind the scenes. Understanding the difference helps you see how outcomes are determined and why certain systems are favored in the industry.

Let’s break down the two main types used in gambling platforms today.

True Random Number Generators (TRNGs): These use physical phenomena, like electronic noise, to generate random numbers. While they offer high randomness levels, TRNGs need specialized hardware and are less common in online gaming due to their complexity and cost.
Pseudo-Random Number Generators (PRNGs): More commonly used in online casinos, PRNGs rely on mathematical algorithms to create sequences that appear random. Even though they’re deterministic, PRNGs are preferred for their efficiency and ease of use.

In regions like Eastern Europe, where the online casino market is projected to grow at an annual rate (CAGR) of 1.92% from 2025 to 2029, PRNG-based platforms dominate due to their scalability and ease of integration with various game formats.

Understanding the differences between TRNGs and PRNGs sets the stage for a deeper question: how does the use of RNG actually affect the way games are designed and experienced by players?

Pros and Cons of RNG in Game Design

Whether RNG adds thrill or feels unfair depends on how it’s built into the design. Players want variety, but they also want control. When RNG is balanced right, it adds tension, surprise, and replay value. When it’s overdone or unclear, it can feel like the game is working against the player.

Here’s a look at where RNG shines and where it can fall short.

Pros

Keeps games fresh: RNG makes each playthrough or match feel different, especially in games with procedural generation or loot systems.
Builds excitement: Unpredictable outcomes create suspense. You never know if the next box holds a rare item or not.
Adds risk and reward: Games often make you decide whether to gamble on uncertain outcomes, which can make decisions more interesting.

Cons

Can feel unfair: If a game relies too much on chance, it can feel like your skill doesn’t matter. For example, missing multiple 90 percent shots in a row can be frustrating.
Leads to confusion: When RNG is not transparent, players might not understand why they failed, especially in games that do not show hit chances or drop rates.
Encourages grind: Games with random loot sometimes force players to replay content over and over to get a desired item.

Good design keeps randomness in check by giving you tools to reduce risk or predict outcomes, like reroll systems or visible probabilities.

Of course, even the best RNG systems can fall flat if players don’t perceive them as fair or understandable. So let’s take a closer look at how users interact with and interpret randomness in games.

Player Perception and Interaction with RNG

How players view RNG usually depends on how clearly the game shows it and how much control they feel they have. When players understand the odds, even a bad outcome feels more acceptable. However, when results seem unpredictable and have no explanation, it can feel unfair.

In competitive games, transparency is key. Players expect fair systems and want to know the rules behind the randomness. Games that hide drop rates or use RNG to decide critical actions without warning often frustrate their player base.

You can also include “pity systems,” especially in mobile and gacha games. These guarantee a reward after a certain number of failed attempts, helping ease the sting of repeated bad luck.

Clear communication and balance between randomness and skill go a long way in keeping players engaged and satisfied.

Because player trust hinges on fairness, iGaming platforms must go beyond just implementing RNG. They need to prove that these systems are reliable, secure, and independently verified. Read how you can ensure fairness in your platform.

Ensuring Fairness and Credibility

Since RNGs determine game outcomes, they need to be reliable, unbiased, and secure. To prove this, gambling platforms turn to third-party testing labs that specialize in auditing RNG systems.

These independent organizations run detailed evaluations to confirm that the RNG is truly random and meets strict regulatory standards.

Here are some of the most trusted names in the industry:

eCOGRA (eCommerce Online Gaming Regulation and Assurance): Established in 2003, eCOGRA is a London-based testing agency and standards organization that certifies online gaming software and audits information security management systems. Their certification is a hallmark of fair and responsible gaming practices.
iTech Labs: With over 20 years of experience, iTech Labs is a Russian-headquartered organization that tests and certifies online gaming systems, ensuring they meet industry standards for randomness and fairness.
Gaming Labs International (GLI): Founded in the United States, GLI has over 30 years of experience providing testing and certification services for the gaming industry across multiple continents.

In the Philippines, for example, the regulatory body PAGCOR requires gaming operators to have their RNGs certified by recognized gaming labs. This standard helps maintain integrity in the local gaming industry, which was estimated to generate over 350 billion pesos (roughly $6 billion) in 2024 alone.

Also Read: Getting an Online Gambling License in the US: A Simple Guide

When done right, RNG not only supports fair gameplay but also strengthens long-term player loyalty. Let’s look at how transparency and certification contribute to trust and platform success.

Impact of RNG on Player Trust and Retention

A well-implemented RNG not only meets regulatory standards but also boosts player trust. When players believe your games are fair, they’re more likely to keep playing and recommend your platform to others.

On the other hand, any perception of unfairness can damage your credibility and lead to players leaving. Being transparent about your RNG processes and certifications can greatly enhance your platform’s reputation.

This is especially critical in markets like Turkey, where strict laws limit gambling, and only state-sanctioned platforms are allowed. Even so, the local online gambling sector is still projected to grow at a 9% CAGR through 2028, making it even more important for you to prove fairness and compliance. A certified RNG system is one of the most effective ways to earn trust in such high-risk environments.

Also Read: Understanding Trust and Risks in Online Casinos

Summing Up

Integrating a reliable and thoroughly tested RNG is fundamental to the success of your online gambling platform. It ensures game fairness, meets regulatory requirements, and fosters player trust.

By prioritizing the integrity of your RNG systems and obtaining the necessary certifications, you position your platform as a trustworthy and enjoyable destination for online gaming enthusiasts.

Ready to take your online gambling platform to the next level? Let’s work together to create a seamless and trusted gaming experience that keeps players coming back. At Source Code Lab, we’ve got the experience, tools, and support to make it happen. Reach out today and see how we can bring your vision to life!

Table of contents

Understanding RNG in Video Games

What Is an RNG in Online Gambling?

How RNG Works in Video Games?

How to Code RNG in Video Games?

1. Understanding Pseudorandom Number Generators (PRNGs)

2. Seeding the PRNG

For example, in Python:

3. Implementing RNG in Game Mechanics

4. Things to Keep in Mind

Applications of RNG in Video Games

1. Loot Drops and Item Generation

2. Combat Mechanics and Hit Chances

3. Procedural World Generation

4. Character Abilities and Special Effects

5. Dynamic Events and Encounters

Types of RNGs Used in Online Gambling

Pros and Cons of RNG in Game Design

Pros

Cons

Player Perception and Interaction with RNG

Ensuring Fairness and Credibility

Impact of RNG on Player Trust and Retention

Summing Up

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